Table 7 Asymmetry of overall wing shape for females raised at 23°C Same as in Table 5 for Drosophila subobscura flies reared at 23°C.
From: Genetics and geometry of canalization and developmental stability in Drosophila subobscura
Inbred (98.3%) | Outbred | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Source of variation | Wilks' lambda | df 1 | df 2 | P | Wilks' lambda | df 1 | df 2 | P |
Individuals (I) | 1.07 × 10-12 | 1605 | 1464 | <0.001 | 1.08 × 10-13 | 4730 | 4442 | <0.001 |
Karyotypes (K) | 2.18 × 10-4 | 30 | 2 | 0.200 | 0.001 | 110 | 48 | 0.146 |
Cross ⊂ K | 3.31 × 10-4 | 225 | 843 | <0.001 | 1.81 × 10-4 | 660 | 2932 | <0.001 |
Among flies | 2.32 × 10-9 | 1350 | 1457 | <0.001 | 1.54 × 10-10 | 3960 | 4430 | <0.001 |
Sides (S) | 0.450 | 15 | 93 | <0.001 | 0.585 | 22 | 194 | <0.001 |
I × S | 2.57 × 10-9 | 1605 | 3083 | <0.001 | 3.21 × 10-13 | 4730 | 9192 | <0.001 |
Karyotypes (K) | 0.007 | 30 | 2 | 0.725 | 0.006 | 110 | 48 | 0.842 |
Cross ⊂ K | 0.055 | 225 | 843 | 0.062 | 0.034 | 660 | 2932 | 0.889 |
Within flies | 1.95 × 10-8 | 1350 | 3070 | <0.001 | 3.54 × 10-12 | 3960 | 9169 | <0.001 |