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Table 1 Classification systems of Campanulaceae. All major intrafamilial subdivisions are included (level of subdivisions indicated by number of dashes) but only those genera sampled in this study are included. If sampled genera are not listed, the genus was not recognized by the author but, rather, was subsumed into one of the listed genera.

From: Chloroplast DNA rearrangements in Campanulaceae: phylogenetic utility of highly rearranged genomes

A deCandolle

AP deCandolle

Schönland

Federov

Takhtajan

Kovanda

Kolakovsky

1830 [3]

1839 [53]

1889 [45]

1972 [5]

1987 [2]

1978 [1]

1987 [4]

Campanulaceae

Campanulaceae

Campanulaceae

Campanulaceae

Campanulaceae

Campanulaceae

Campanulaceae

-Subtribus I

-Wahlenbergieae

-Lobelioideae

-Sphenocleoideae

-Cyanantheae

-Campanulinae

-Prismatocarpoideae

   Jasione

   Jasione

-Cyphioideae

-Campanuloideae

   Cyananthus

   Campanula

   Prismatocarpus

   Codonopsis

   Platycodon

-Campanuloideae

--Campanuleae

-Wahlenbergieae

   Symphyandra

   Roella

   Platycodon

   Codonopsis

--Pentaphragmeae

   Campanula

   Wahlenbergia

   Legousia

-Canarinoideae

   Wahlenbergia

   Wahlenbergia

--Sphenocleae

   Symphyandra

   Edraianthus

-Wahlenberginae

-Wahlenbergoideae

   Prismatocarpus

   Prismatocarpus

--Campanuleae

--Peracarpeae

   Jasione

   Wahlenbergia

--Wahlenbergieae

   Roella

   Roella

Campanulinae

--Ostrowskieae

   Codonopsis

   Codonopsis

   Jasione

-Subtribus II

   Edraianthus

   Symphyandra

--Michauxieae

   Merciera

   Cyananthus

   Wahlenbergia

   Petromarula

-Campanuleae

   Trachelium

--Phyteumateae

   Roella

   Roella

   Codonopsis

   Campanula

   Petromarula

   Campanula

   Asyneuma

   Prismatocarpus

   Edraianthus

   Platycodon

   Trachelium

   Campanula

Wahlenberginae

   Legousia

-Platycodoneae

   Jasione

   Cyananthus

   Symphyandra

   Trachelium

   Cyananthus

--Wahlenbergieae

   Platycodon

-Platycodinae

--Azorineae

   Musschia

   Symphyandra

   Jasione

   Codonopsis

   Musschia

   Platycodon

--Musschieae

-incertae sedis

   Musschia

   Prismatocarpus

--Edraiantheae

-Campanuleae

 

   Musschia

   Merciera

-Merciereae

   Merciera

   Edraianthus

   Campanula

 

--Echinocodoneae

 

   Merciera

   Edraianthus

--Jasioneae

   Legousia

 

--Annaea

  

   Wahlenbergia

   Jasione

   Triodanis

 

--Muehlbergelleae

  

   Codonopsis

 

-Michauxieae

 

--Theodorovieae

  

   Roella

 

-Phyteumaeae

 

--Gadellieae

  

Platycodinae

 

   Asyneuma

 

--Ostrowskieae

  

   Platycodon

 

   Trachelium

 

-Campanuloideae

  

   Musschia

 

   Petromarula

 

--Campanuleae

    

-Peracarpeae

 

   Campanula

      

   Symphyandra

      

   Trachelium

      

--Phyteumateae

      

--Peracarpeae

      

--Sergieae

      

--Michauxieae

      

--Neocodoneae

      

   Asyneuma

      

   Legousia

      

--Edraiantheae

      

   Edraianthus

      

--Sachokieleae

      

--Mzymteleae