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Figure 3 | BMC Evolutionary Biology

Figure 3

From: Allopolyploidy and the evolution of plant virus resistance

Figure 3

Grapevine fanleaf virus strain GHu (GFLV-GHu) resistance categories superimposed on a Nicotiana phylogenetic tree modified from Clarkson et al.[18](curved lines), containing sections (abbreviated in black lettering) with allopolyploid ancestries as established by Clarkson et al.[13]and Kelly et al.[14](solid straight lines). Shading surrounding sections denote the resistance category of representative species tested for GFLV-GHu resistance: blue (category 2, early recovery), purple (categories 3 and 4, late or intermediate recovery), or red (categories 5 and 6, delayed or full susceptibility). Representative Nicotiana species (sections) used in this study are N. paniculata (Paniculatae, ‘Pan’), N. rustica (Rusticae, ‘Rus’), N. obtusifolia (Trigonophyllae, ‘Tri’), N. benthamiana, N. debneyi, N. suaveolens and N. goodspeedii (Suaveolentes, ‘Sua’), N. clevelandii (Polydicliae, ‘Pol’), N. glauca (Noctiflorae, ‘Noc’), N. sylvestris (Sylvestres ‘Syl’), N. tabacum (Nicotiana ‘Nic’), N. glutinosa (Undulatae, ‘Und’) N. attenuata (Petunioides, ‘Pet’), (Tomentosae, ‘Tom’) including N. kawakamii, N. otophora, N. setchelii and N. tomentosiformis. Members of Tomentosae and Suaveolentes exhibited different GFLV-GHu resistance profiles and are accordingly dually or triply colored. Descent of synthetic allopolyploids used in this study (white letters) is indicated by dashed lines: 4x(N. sylvestris x N. tomentosiformis) (‘sxt’), 4x(N. rustica x N. tabacum) (‘rxt’), 4x(N. glutinosa x N. tabacum) (‘gxt’), 2x(N. tabacum x N. benthamiana) (‘txb’), 4x(N. quadrivalvis x N. tabacum) (‘qxt’) and 4x(N. debneyi x N. clevelandii) (‘dxc’).

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