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Table 2 Non-hierarchical and hierarchical AMOVAs for cpDNA and nrDNA variation surveyed in populations of F. suspensa in China

From: Molecular data and ecological niche modeling reveal population dynamics of widespread shrub Forsythia suspensa(Oleaceae) in China’s warm-temperate zone in response to climate change during the Pleistocene

Source of variation

d.f.

% Total variance

Φ-statistic

P-value

cpDNA

    

Non-hierarchical AMOVAs

    

Total

19

92.94%

ΦST = 0.929

< 0.001

Shandong group

3

NC

NC

NC

HSS group

3

100.00%

ΦST = 1.000

< 0.001

HHS group

7

83.05%

ΦST = 0.831

< 0.001

Hierarchical AMOVAs

    

Among seven groups

6

79.27%

ΦCT = 0.793

< 0.001

Among populations

13

14.83%

ΦSC = 0.715

< 0.001

Within populations

166

5.90%

ΦST = 0.941

< 0.001

nrDNA

    

Non-hierarchical AMOVAs

    

Total

19

20.66%

ΦST = 0.207

< 0.001

Shandong group

3

2.86%

ΦST = 0.029

> 0.05

HSS group

3

37.36%

ΦST = 0.374

< 0.001

HHS group

7

14.67%

ΦST = 0.147

< 0.001

Hierarchical AMOVAs

    

Among seven groups

6

−4.93%

ΦCT = −0.049

> 0.05

Among populations

13

24.79%

ΦSC = 0.236

< 0.001

Within populations

352

80.15%

ΦST = 0.199

< 0.001

  1. Φ: Fixation index.