Table 1 Individuals and sampling localities
morphospecies | # | locality | geographical position | EL | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Carychium O.F. Müller, 1774 | latitude | longitude | |||
C. clappi | 1 | USA, Tennessee, La Follette | 36.332 | −83.998 | C1 |
Hubricht, 1959 | 2 | USA, Tennessee, La Follette | 36.332 | −83.998 | C1 |
3 | USA, Tennessee, La Follette | 36.332 | −83.998 | C1 | |
4 | USA, Tennessee, La Follette | 36.332 | −83.998 | C1 | |
C. exiguum | 5 | USA, New York, Naples, Ontario County, Grimes Glen | 42.61591 | −77.41355 | C2 |
Say, 1822 | 6 | USA, New York, Naples, Ontario County, Grimes Glen | 42.61591 | −77.41355 | C2 |
7 | USA, New York, Naples, Ontario County, Grimes Glen | 42.61591 | −77.41355 | C2 | |
C. exile | 8 | USA, Indiana, Lawrence County, Williams Cave Sinkhole | 38.7555 | −86.59105 | C3 |
H. C. Lea, 1842 | 9 | USA, Indiana, Lawrence County, Williams Cave Sinkhole | 38.7555 | −86.59105 | C3 |
10 | USA, Indiana, Lawrence County, Williams Cave Sinkhole | 38.7555 | −86.59105 | C3 | |
11 | USA, New York, Portageville, Letchworth State Park | 42.57909 | −78.04945 | C3 | |
12 | USA, New York, Portageville, Letchworth State Park | 42.57909 | −78.04945 | C3 | |
13 | USA, New York, Watkins Glen | 42.375828 | −76.871115 | C3 | |
14 | USA, New York, Watkins Glen | 42.375828 | −76.871115 | C3 | |
15 | USA, New York, Watkins Glen | 42.375828 | −76.871115 | C3 | |
C. exile mexicanum | 16 | USA, Georgia, Adairsville, Bartow County, Barnsley Gardens | 34.311233 | −84.9866 | C1 |
Pilsbry, 1891 | 17 | USA, Georgia, Adairsville, Bartow County, Barnsley Gardens | 34.311233 | −84.9866 | C1 |
18 | USA, Alabama, Little River Mouth Park, Cherokee County | 34.312233 | −85.685733 | C1 | |
19 | USA, Alabama, Little River Mouth Park, Cherokee County | 34.312233 | −85.685733 | C1 | |
20 | USA, Illinois, Jackson County, Gorham | 37.6865 | −89.490667 | C1 | |
21 | USA, Florida, Marianna | 30.810556 | −85.226667 | C4 | |
C. floridanum | 22 | USA, Florida, Wakulla Springs | 30.23548 | −84.303087 | C5 |
Clapp, 1918 | 23 | USA, Florida, Wakulla Springs | 30.23548 | −84.303087 | C5 |
24 | USA, Florida, Wakulla Springs | 30.23548 | −84.303087 | C5 | |
25 | USA, Florida, Wakulla Springs | 30.23548 | −84.303087 | C5 | |
26 | USA, Florida, Wakulla Springs | 30.23548 | −84.303087 | C5 | |
C. cf. schlickumi | 27 | Greece, Epirus, Ioáninna Prov., Métsovo | 39.8213 | 21.1294 | C6 |
Strauch, 1977 | 28 | Greece, Epirus, Ioáninna Prov., Métsovo | 39.8213 | 21.1294 | C6 |
29 | Greece, Epirus, Ioáninna Prov., Métsovo | 39.8213 | 21.1294 | C6 | |
C. ibazoricum | 30 | Portugal, Azores, San Miguel, Sete Cidades | 37.847033 | −25.780217 | C7 |
Bank & Gittenberger, 1985 | 31 | Portugal, Azores, San Miguel, Furnas | 37.770383 | −25.306583 | C7 |
32 | Portugal, Azores, San Miguel, Furnas | 37.770383 | −25.306583 | C7 | |
33 | Portugal, Estremadura, near Sao Pedro de Moel | 39.774167 | −9.016667 | C7 | |
34 | Portugal, Estremadura, near Sao Pedro de Moel | 39.774167 | −9.016667 | C7 | |
C. lederi O. Boettger, 1880 | 35 | Iran, Mazandaran, Nowshahr, Kheiroudkanar forest | 36.605833 | 51.568333 | C8 |
C. mexicanum | 36 | USA, Georgia, Flovilla, Butts County, Indian Springs State Park | 33.242367 | −83.92035 | C9 |
Pilsbry, 1891 | 37 | USA, Georgia, Flovilla, Butts County, Indian Springs State Park | 33.242367 | −83.92035 | C9 |
38 | USA, Georgia, Flovilla, Butts County, Indian Springs State Park | 33.242367 | −83.92035 | C9 | |
39 | Belize, Maya Mountains, Bladen Nature Reserve | 16.557167 | −88.707833 | C10 | |
40 | Belize, Maya Mountains, Bladen Nature Reserve | 16.557167 | −88.707833 | C10 | |
C. mexicanum costaricanum | 41 | Costa Rica, Puntarenas, Santa Elena | 10.369833 | −84.804167 | C11 |
Von Martens, 1898 | 42 | Costa Rica, Puntarenas, Monte Verde | 10.301333 | −84.790167 | C11 |
43 | Costa Rica, San José, San Gerardo de Dota | 9.5496 | −83.8032 | C11 | |
44 | Costa Rica, San José, San Gerardo de Dota | 9.5496 | −83.8032 | C11 | |
45 | Costa Rica, San José, San Gerardo de Dota | 9.5496 | −83.8032 | C11 | |
46 | Panama, Chiriquí, Sendero el Retoño, Parque internacional la Amistad | 8.8913 | −82.628611 | C12 | |
47 | Panama, Chiriquí, Sendero el Retoño, Parque internacional la Amistad | 8.88815 | −82.620667 | C12 | |
48 | Panama, Chiriquí, Sendero el Retoño, Parque internacional la Amistad | 8.88815 | −82.620667 | C12 | |
49 | Panama, Chiriquí, near Boquete | 8.824767 | −82.495833 | C13 | |
50 | Panama, Chiriquí, near Boquete | 8.824767 | −82.495833 | C13 | |
51 | Panama, Chiriquí, near Boquete | 8.824767 | −82.495833 | C13 | |
52 | Panama, Chiriquí, near Boquete | 8.824767 | −82.495833 | C13 | |
C. minimum | 53 | Poland, Słubice | 52.3467 | 14.5806 | C14 |
O.F. Müller, 1774 | 54 | Italy, Upper Adige, near Auer | 46.3385 | 11.3503 | C14 |
55 | Spain, Asturias, Gijón | 43.5204 | −5.6164 | C14 | |
C. nannodes | 56 | USA, Tennessee, Overton County, Slit Cave | 36.456833 | −85.375067 | C15 |
G.H. Clapp, 1905 | 57 | USA, Tennessee, Unicoi County, near Unaka Springs | 36.0986 | −82.4466 | C15 |
58 | Canada, Ontario, Crawford Lake | 43.4712 | −79.9464 | C15 | |
C. nipponense | 59 | Japan, Honshu Is., Iwate, Ichinoseki, Geibikei | 38.9845 | 141.255667 | C16 |
Pilsbry & Hirase, 1904 | 60 | Japan, Honshu Is., Fukushima, Urabandai | 37.687783 | 140.1205 | C16 |
C. noduliferum | 61 | Japan, Honshu Is., Iwate, Ichinoseki, Geibikei | 38.9845 | 141.255667 | C17 |
Reinhardt, 1877 | 62 | Japan, Honshu Is., Fukushima, Urabandai | 37.687783 | 140.1205 | C17 |
63 | Japan, Honshu Is., Kanagawa, Yamakita, Oomatazawa | 35.423333 | 139.005 | C18 | |
64 | Taiwan, Taichung County, Heping, Shei-Pa N.P., Huanshan | 24.37295 | 121.310567 | C19 | |
C. occidentale | 65 | USA, Washington, Mason County | 47.3038 | −123.0918 | C20 |
Pilsbry, 1891 | 66 | USA, Washington, Mason County | 47.3038 | −123.0918 | C20 |
67 | USA, Washington, Mason County | 47.3038 | −123.0918 | C20 | |
68 | USA, Washington, Mason County | 47.3038 | −123.0918 | C20 | |
69 | USA, Washington, Mason County | 47.3038 | −123.0918 | C20 | |
C. cf. pessimum | 70 | Russia, Vladivostok, Promorsky Kray | 43.193417 | 132.0511 | C21 |
Pilsbry, 1902 | 71 | Russia, Vladivostok, Promorsky Kray | 43.193417 | 132.0511 | C21 |
72 | Russia, Vladivostok, Promorsky Kray | 43.193417 | 132.0511 | C21 | |
73 | Russia, Vladivostok, Promorsky Kray | 43.193417 | 132.0511 | C21 | |
74 | Russia, Vladivostok, Promorsky Kray | 43.193417 | 132.0511 | C21 | |
75 | Japan, Honshu Is., Iwate, Sarusawa | 39.021167 | 141.292833 | C22 | |
C. stygium | 76 | USA, Kentucky, Hart County, Horse Cave (Hidden River Cave) | 37.174167 | −85.903833 | C1 |
Call, 1897 | 77 | USA, Kentucky, Hart County, Horse Cave (Hidden River Cave) | 37.174167 | −85.903833 | C1 |
78 | USA, Tennessee, Slit Cave (cave entrance) | 36.456833 | −85.375067 | C1 | |
79 | USA, Tennessee, Slit Cave (cave entrance) | 36.456833 | −85.375067 | C1 | |
C. tridentatum | 80 | Switzerland, St. Gallen, St. Gallen | 47.36 | 9.14 | C23 |
(Risso, 1826) | 81 | Italy, Upper Adige, near Auer | 46.3385 | 11.3503 | C23 |
82 | France, Britanny, near Lopreden | 48.596667 | −3.97 | C23 | |
Carychium sp. 1 | 83 | Bulgaria, Mostovo Village, entrance Gargina Dupka Cave (Rhodopi Mnt.) | 41.850667 | 24.926183 | C23 |
84 | Bulgaria, Mostovo Village, entrance Gargina Dupka Cave (Rhodopi Mnt.) | 41.850667 | 24.926183 | C23 | |
85 | Italy, Lombardy, Lago Maggiore, Laveno-Mombello | 45.90718 | 8.6625 | C23 | |
86 | Italy, Lombardy, Lago d'Iseo, Vigolo | 45.7367 | 10.0025 | C23 | |
87 | Romania, Bacâia | 46.0249 | 23.1734 | C23 | |
88 | Georgia, Kakheti Province, Lagodekhi Nature Reserve | 41.88 | 46.31 | C23 | |
89 | Georgia, Kakheti Province, Lagodekhi Nature Reserve | 41.88 | 46.31 | C23 | |
Carychium sp. 2 | 90 | China, Yunnan, Zhongdian County, Shangri-La | 27.501017 | 100.033833 | C24 |
91 | China, Yunnan, Zhongdian County, Shangri-La | 27.501017 | 100.033833 | C24 | |
92 | China, Yunnan, Zhongdian County, Shangri-La | 27.501017 | 100.033833 | C24 | |
93 | China, Yunnan, Zhongdian County, Shangri-La | 27.501017 | 100.033833 | C24 | |
94 | China, Yunnan, Zhongdian County, Shangri-La | 27.501017 | 100.033833 | C24 | |
Carychium sp. 3 | 95 | China, North Sichuan, Songpan County, Huanglong | 32.7373 | 103.824383 | C25 |
96 | China, North Sichuan, Songpan County, Huanglong | 32.7373 | 103.824383 | C25 | |
97 | China, North Sichuan, Songpan County, Huanglong | 32.7373 | 103.824383 | C25 | |
Zospeum Bourguignat, 1856 | cave name | ||||
Z. alpestre kupitzense | 98 | Slovenia, Kamnik-Savinja Alps, Solčava | Ložekarjeva zijalka | Z1 | |
A. Stummer, 1984 | 99 | Slovenia, Kamnik-Savinja Alps, Solčava | Ložekarjeva zijalka | Z1 | |
Z. cf. biscaiense Gómez & Prieto, 1983 | 100 | Spain, Garaimendi, Yurre | Cueva de Otxas* | Z2 | |
Z. exiguum | 101 | Slovenia, Cerknica, Lož | Križna jama* | Z3 | |
Kusčer, 1932 | 102 | Slovenia, Cerknica, Lož | Križna jama* | Z3 | |
103 | Slovenia, Cerknica, Lož | Križna jama* | Z3 | ||
104 | Slovenia, Cerknica, Lož | Križna jama* | Z3 | ||
105 | Slovenia, Cerknica, Lož | Križna jama* | Z3 | ||
Z. frauenfeldi | 106 | Slovenia, Dobrepolje, Podpeč | Podpeška jama* | Z4 | |
(Freyer, 1855) | 107 | Slovenia, Dobrepolje, Podpeč | Podpeška jama* | Z4 | |
108 | Slovenia, Dobrepolje, Podpeč | Podpeška jama* | Z4 | ||
109 | Slovenia, Dobrepolje, Podpeč | Podpeška jama* | Z4 | ||
110 | Slovenia, Dobrepolje, Podpeč | Podpeška jama* | Z4 | ||
Z. isselianum | 111 | Slovenia, Kamnik, Kamniška Bistrica | Jama pod Farjevim plazom | Z5 | |
Pollonera, 1887 | 112 | Slovenia, Kobarid*, Robič | Turjeva jama | Z6 | |
113 | Slovenia, Kamnik-Savinja Alps, Šmihel nad Mozirjem | Konečka zijalka | Z7 | ||
114 | Slovenia, Kamnik-Savinja Alps, Šmihel nad Mozirjem | Konečka zijalka | Z7 | ||
115 | Croatia, Kordun, Karlovac, Krnjak, Brebornica Mts. | Jopićeva špilja | Z8 | ||
116 | Croatia, Kordun, Karlovac, Krnjak, Brebornica Mts. | Jopićeva špilja | Z8 | ||
117 | Croatia, Kordun, Karlovac, Krnjak, Brebornica Mts. | Jopićeva špilja | Z8 | ||
118 | Croatia, Kordun, Karlovac, Krnjak, Brebornica Mts. | Jopićeva špilja | Z8 | ||
Z. obesum | 119 | Slovenia, Gradiček, Krška vas | Krška jama* | Z9 | |
(Frauenfeld, 1854) | 120 | Slovenia, Gradiček, Krška vas | Krška jama* | Z9 | |
121 | Slovenia, Gradiček, Krška vas | Krška jama* | Z9 | ||
Z. pretneri Bole, 1960 | 122 | Croatia, Gračac, Kesići | Donja Cerovačka špilja* | Z10 | |
Z. spelaeum schmidti | 123 | Slovenia, Veliki Otok, Postojna | Betalov Spodmol | Z11 | |
(Frauenfeld, 1854) | 124 | Slovenia, Loka pri Mengšu | Jama 1 pri Jabljah | Z12 | |
125 | Slovenia, Loka pri Mengšu | Jama 1 pri Jabljah | Z12 | ||
126 | Slovenia, Loka pri Mengšu | Jama 1 pri Jabljah | Z12 | ||
127 | Slovenia, Loka pri Mengšu | Jama 1 pri Jabljah | Z12 | ||
128 | Slovenia, Loka pri Mengšu | Jama 1 pri Jabljah | Z12 | ||
129 | Slovenia, Krim Region, Gornji Ig | Velika Pasica* | Z11 | ||
130 | Slovenia, Krim Region, Gornji Ig | Velika Pasica* | Z11 | ||
131 | Italy, Trieste, near Gabrovizza San Primo | Grotte d'Ercole | Z11 | ||
132 | Italy, Trieste, near Gabrovizza San Primo | Grotte d'Ercole | Z11 | ||
133 | Italy, Trieste, near Basovizza | Grotte Bac | Z11 | ||
134 | Italy, Trieste, near Basovizza | Grotte Bac | Z11 | ||
135 | Italy, Trieste, near Samatorza | Grotte Azzurra | Z11 | ||
Z. suarezi | 136 | Spain, Cantabria, Novales, La Busta | Cueva del Linar | Z13 | |
Gittenberger, 1980 | 137 | Spain, Cantabria, Novales, La Busta | Cueva del Linar | Z13 | |
138 | Spain, Cantabria, Novales, La Busta | Cueva del Linar | Z13 | ||
139 | Spain, Cantabria, Novales, La Busta | Cueva del Linar | Z13 | ||
140 | Spain, Asturias, Inguanzo | Cueva del Bosque/Cueva Inguanzo* | Z14 | ||
141 | Spain, Asturias, Inguanzo | Cueva del Bosque/Cueva Inguanzo* | Z14 | ||
142 | Spain, Bizkaia, San Pedro de Galdames, Barranco de Aranaga | Cueva de los Cuervos | Z15 | ||
143 | Spain, Bizkaia, San Pedro de Galdames, Barranco de Aranaga | Cueva de los Cuervos | Z15 | ||
144 | Spain, Bizkaia, San Pedro de Galdames, Barranco de Aranaga | Cueva de los Cuervos | Z15 | ||
145 | Spain, Castilla y León, Monte Santiago | Cueva de Las Paúles | Z16 | ||
Z. subobesum | 146 | Croatia, Ogulin, Tounj | Tounjčica* | Z8 | |
Bole, 1974 | 147 | Croatia, Ogulin, Tounj | Tounjčica* | Z8 | |
148 | Croatia, Ogulin, Tounj | Tounjčica* | Z8 | ||
Zospeum sp. 1 | 149 | Spain, Bizkaia, Guipúzcoa Mts., Valle de Araotz | Cueva de Ermita de Sandaili | Z17 | |
150 | Spain, Bizkaia, Guipúzcoa Mts., Valle de Araotz | Cueva de Ermita de Sandaili | Z17 | ||
151 | Spain, Bizkaia, Guipúzcoa Mts., Valle de Araotz | Cueva de Ermita de Sandaili | Z17 | ||
152 | Spain, Garaimendi, Yurre | Cueva de Otxas | Z17 | ||
153 | Spain, Garaimendi, Yurre | Cueva de Otxas | Z17 | ||
154 | Spain, Garaimendi, Yurre | Cueva de Otxas | Z17 | ||
155 | Spain, Garaimendi, Yurre | Cueva de Otxas | Z17 | ||
156 | Spain, Garaimendi, Yurre | Cueva de Otxas | Z17 | ||
157 | Spain, Bizkaia, Manaria, Urkuleta Valley | Cueva Silibranka II | Z17 | ||
158 | Spain, Bizkaia, Manaria, Urkuleta Valley | Cueva Silibranka II | Z17 | ||
159 | Spain, Bizkaia, Manaria, Urkuleta Valley | Cueva Silibranka II | Z17 | ||
160 | Spain, Bizkaia, Dima, Indusi | Cueva del Cráneo | Z17 | ||
Zospeum sp. 2 | 161 | Spain, Castilla y León, Monte Santiago | Cueva de Las Paúles | Z18 | |
162 | Spain, Castilla y León, Monte Santiago | Cueva de Las Paúles | Z18 | ||
163 | Spain, Castilla y León, Monte Santiago | Cueva de Las Paúles | Z18 | ||
Outgroup taxa | |||||
Pythiidae, Laemodonta cubensis | 164 | Bermuda, Hamilton Parish, Walsingham Pond, outside Cliff Cave | 32.34773 | −64.70965 | |
Melampodidae, Microtralia occidentalis | 165 | Bermuda, St. George Parish, St. George Island, Lover's Lake | 32.36750 | −64.70990 | |
Veronicellidae, Veronicella cubensis | 166 | Bermuda, Devonshire Parish, Winfried Gibbons Nature Reserve, South Road | 32.30230 | −64.74450 | |