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Table 3 Analyses of molecular variance (AMOVA) conducted on AChE2, DP1 and JHE-b sequences of Colorado potato beetle populations grouped together by region (Mexico, US and Europe)

From: Pre-invasion history and demography shape the genetic variation in the insecticide resistance-related acetylcholinesterase 2 gene in the invasive Colorado potato beetle

Source of variation

d.f.

Sum of squares

Variance components

Percentage of variation (%)

P

 

AChE2

Among regions

2

484.72

3.385

39.86

0.024

Among populations within regions

7

272.85

1.816

21.38

<0.001

Within populations

186

612.16

3.291

38.76

<0.001

 

DP1

Among regions

2

350.13

2.712

41.61

0.023

Among populations within regions

7

140.14

0.954

14.64

<0.001

Within populations

172

490.51

2.852

43.75

<0.001

 

JHE-b

Among regions

2

153.17

3.293

56.93

0.015

Among populations within regions

3

11.95

0.115

1.99

0.045

Within populations

72

171.08

2.376

41.08

<0.001