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Table 4 Rate of molecular evolution and TMRCA of Carabus for each individual fragment and combined datasets under optimal analytical conditions

From: Winding up the molecular clock in the genus Carabus(Coleoptera: Carabidae): assessment of methodological decisions on rate and node age estimation

Gene

Partition

Clock

Ambiguities

treatment

Rate

TMRCA Carabus

nd5

NP*

SC

-

0.0159 (0.0102-0.0223)

20.71 (15.9-26.15)

cox1-A

2P

SC

-

0.0113 (0.0081-0.0147)

19.79 (15.2-24.9)

cox1-B

2P

SC

-

0.0145 (0.01-0.0198)

21.58 (16.43-27.71)

cob

2P

SC

-

0.0251 (0.0151-0.0369)

25.77 (19.75-32.91)

rrnL

NP

SC

allgaps**

0.0016 (0.001-0.0022)

29.91 (19.4-42.76)

LSU-A

NP

ULN

allgaps

0.0013 (0.0007-0.002)

13.37 (8.35-24.85)

LSU-B

NP

ULN

allgaps

0.0064 (0.0037-0.0094)

20.36 (11.23-36.61)

ITS2

NP

ULN

allgaps

0.0057 (0.0035-0.0081)

31.17 (16.8-52.47)

HUWE1

NP

SC

complete

0.0021 (0.0015-0.0027)

30.83 (21.79-41.36)

MIT

G-2P

SC

allgaps

0.0134 (0.0108-0.0162)

21.58 (17.98-25.4)

NUC

NP

ULN

allgaps

0.0029 (0.002-0.0039)

28.5 (16.97-44.65)

MIT-NUC

G-2P

ULN

allgaps

0.0080 (0.0064-0.0097)

25.16 (18.41-33.04)

  1. Data corresponding to the ingroup dataset. Rates are given in substitutions per site per million years per lineage, and TMRCA of Carabus in millions of years before present (mean and 95% HPD interval)
  2. * Selection of NP dataset due to the anomalous branch lengths resulting from codon partitioned nd5 analyses
  3. ** These rates are estimated after character culling in G-blocks and are necessarily an underestimation of the real rates of change accumulation