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Table 4 Results of nested ANOVAs for longevity

From: Directional selection on cold tolerance does not constrain plastic capacity in a butterfly

A) Longevity

DF

MS

F

P

Selection Regime

1,6

234.0

0.6

0.4616

Replicate Line [Sel. & Inbr.]

6,3744

404.9

2.8

0.0109

Inbreeding Level

2,6

146.3

0.4

0.6967

Rearing Temperature

1,3744

264262.0

1806.6

<0.0001

Sex

1,3744

20.7

0.14

0.7070

Selection Reg. * Inbreeding Level

2,6

2020.7

5.3

0.0440

Selection Reg. * Rearing Temp.

1,3744

93.4

0.6

0.4242

Selection Reg. * Sex

1,3744

52.2

0.4

0.5505

Inbreeding Level * Rearing Temp.

2,3744

440.1

3.0

0.0495

Inbreeding Level * Sex

2,3744

153.7

1.0

0.3498

Rearing Temp. * Sex

1,3744

5324.0

36.4

<0.0001

Sel. Reg. * Inbreed. * Rear. Temp.

2,3744

472.0

3.2

0.0398

Sel. Reg. * Inbreed. * Sex

2,3744

940.0

6.4

0.0016

Sel. Reg. * Rearing Temp. * Sex

1,3744

1.5

<0.1

0.9202

Inbreed. * Rear. Temp. * Sex

2,3744

178.4

1.2

0.2954

Four-way Interaction

2,3744

932.1

6.4

0.0017

Error

3744

146.3

  

B) Animals reared at 20°C

DF

MS

F

P

Selection Regime

1,6

287.5

0.3

0.6267

Inbreeding Level

2,6

174.0

0.2

0.8570

Replicate Line [Sel. Reg. & Inbr.]

6,1312

1106.3

4.8

<0.0001

Adult Temperature

1,1312

34430.6

148.6

<0.0001

Sex

1,1312

2568.9

11.1

0.0009

Selection Reg. * Inbreeding Level

2.6

1712.1

1.6

0.2864

Selection Reg. * Adult Temp.

1,1312

1726.0

7.5

0.0064

Selection Reg. * Sex

1,1312

7.3

<0.1

0.8589

Inbreeding Level * Adult Temp.

2,1312

3034.3

13.5

<0.0001

Inbreeding Level * Sex

2,1312

131.9

0.6

0.5659

Adult Temperature * Sex

1,1312

2762.2

12.6

0.0004

Sel. Reg. * Inbreed. * Sex

2,1312

1395.7

6.0

0.0025

Error

1312

231.6

  

C) Animals reared at 27°C

DF

MS

F

P

Selection Regime

1,6

38.0

0.1

0.7603

Inbreeding Level

2,6

142.8

0.4

0.6974

Replicate Line [Sel. Reg. & Inbr.]

6,2394

37.

7.0

<0.0001

Adult Temperature

1,2394

1177.7

21.8

<0.0001

Adult Feeding Regime

1,2394

52827.7

977.2

<0.0001

Sex

1,2394

3684.1

68.1

<0.0001

Selection Reg. * Inbreeding Level

2,6

475.6

1.3

0.3451

Selection Reg. * Adult Temp.

1,2394

104.6

1.9

0.1644

Selection Reg. * Adult Feed.

1,2394

49.3

0.9

0.3399

Selection Reg. * Sex

1,2394

15.4

0.3

0.5936

Inbreeding Level * Adult Temp.

2,2394

37.1

0.7

0.5033

Inbreeding Level * Adult Feed.

2,2394

112.8

2.1

0.1244

Inbreeding Level * Sex

2,2394

137.9

2.6

0.0782

Adult Temp. * Adult Feed.

1,2394

451.8

8.4

0.0039

Adult Temp. * Sex

1,2394

114.8

2.1

0.1451

Adult Feed. * Sex

1,2394

1481.2

27.4

<0.0001

Sel. Reg. * Inbreed. * Adult Temp.

2,2394

17.4

0.3

0.7248

Sel. Reg. * Inbreed. *Adult Feed.

2,2394

532.5

9.9

<0.0001

Sel. Reg. * Inbreed. * Sex

22394

0.7

<0.1

0.9879

Sel. Reg. * Adult Temp. * Sex

2,2394

1.7

<0.1

0.8610

Sel. Reg. * Adult Temp. * AdFeed.

1,2394

128.8

2.4

0.1229

Sel. Reg. * Adult Feed. * Sex

1,2394

0.7

<0.1

0.9110

Inbreed. * Adult Temp. * AdFeed.

2,2394

14.4

0.3

0.7659

Inbreed. * Adult Temp. * Sex

2,2394

161.9

3.0

0.0502

Inbreed. * Adult Feed. * Sex

2,2394

164.2

3.0

0.0482

Adult Temp. * Adult Feed. * Sex

1,2394

87.1

1.6

0.2044

Inbreed. * AdT * AdF * Sex

2,2394

222.8

4.1

0.0163

Error

2394

54.0

  
  1. Results for the effects of selection regime (selection vs. control), inbreeding level (C, I1, I2), replicate line, replicate cage, rearing temperature (20 vs. 27°C), and sex on longevity in Bicyclus anynana (A). In Tables B (animals reared at 20°C) and C (animals reared at 27°C) data were analyzed separately for each rearing temperature, as different feeding treatments were employed in animals reared at 27°C only, and as different adult temperatures were employed in animals reared at 27°C only temporarily. Consequently, the analysis in A was restricted to the animals fed ad libitum and kept as adults at 27°C, to mainly explore effects of rearing temperature. The factor rearing temperature was replaced by the factor adult temperature in analyses B and C, and the factor adult feeding regime (control vs. starvation) was added to Table C. For details see Material and Methods. Replicate line (random factor) was nested within selection regime and inbreeding level throughout. Minimum adequate models were constructed by sequentially removing non-significant interaction terms. Significant P-values are given in bold.
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BMC Ecology and Evolution

ISSN: 2730-7182

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