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Figure 4 | BMC Evolutionary Biology

Figure 4

From: Postglacial species displacement in Triturus newts deduced from asymmetrically introgressed mitochondrial DNA and ecological niche models

Figure 4

Mismatch distributions for haplotype groups. Groups of haplotypes are: T. macedonicus (a), T. karelinii ‘Asiatic Turkey’ (b), T. karelinii ‘Balkan ancestral’ (c) and T. karelinii ‘Balkan derived’ (d). The colored curves (green for T. macedonicus and blue for the three groups of T. karelinii haplotypes) show the observed frequency distribution of pairwise differences and the black curves the distribution that would be expected for an expanding population. Based on Ramos-Onsins and Rozas’ R 2 and Fu’s Fs statistics, the null hypothesis of a constant population size is rejected for T. karelinii ‘Balkan derived’ only. This corresponds to the shape of the mismatch distributions: the unimodal and smooth distribution for T. karelinii ‘Balkan derived’ is indicative of demographic expansion. The sum of square deviations (SSD) rejecting the null model of population expansion for T. karelinii ‘Balkan derived’ may well reflect that the model of population expansion applied in Arlequin is overly simplistic.

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