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Table 4 Substitution rates between the intronic and exonic regions of retrogenes and their corresponding regions of parental genes

From: Newly evolved introns in human retrogenes provide novel insights into their evolutionary roles

Retrogene

Intronic region

Exonic region

 

K a

K s

Ka/Ks

P-value

Length

K a

K s

Ka/Ks

P-value

Length

TMEM14Dc

0.062

0.058

1.074

0.936

105

0.006

0.014

0.440

0.570

237

RPS3AP5a

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

0.017

0.014

1.210

0.172

780

XXyac-R12DG2.2b

0.024

0.029

0.830

0.892

129

0.008

0.012

0.643

0.631

813

HSP90B2Pac,*

0.823

0.597

1.379

0.526

144

0.045

0.067

0.678

0.091

2163

HSP90AA4Pc,*

0.104

0.277

0.374

0.000

744

0.055

0.085

0.656

0.000

1374

HSP90AA5Pc,*

0.087

0.215

0.406

0.001

672

0.088

0.221

0.400

0.082

897

CSMD3b

0.313

0.575

0.544

0.051

291

0.186

0.282

0.659

0.310

225

WBP2NLb

0.033

0.088

0.373

0.192

177

0.385

0.377

1.021

0.919

684

AC019016.1c

0.083

0.082

1.010

0.978

636

0.081

0.175

0.466

0.084

273

  1. Ka represents the non-synonymous substitution rate and Ks indicates the synonymous substitution rate. The P-value was calculated with the likelihood ratio test and the null hypothesis was Ka/Ks =1. NA: not available (the corresponding parental sequence of the new intron in retrogene RPS3AP5 did not exist, because the intron was created by insertion of an external sequence). ‘a’, The retrogene gained introns by insertion of an external sequence. ‘b’, The retrogene gained introns after transcription in the opposite orientation compared to the parent. ‘c’, The retrogene gained introns by intronization. ‘*’, Evidence at the protein level for transcription of the retrogene was obtained.
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BMC Ecology and Evolution

ISSN: 2730-7182

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