Figure 2

Caribbean Faviidae chronogram and stratigraphic data. A) Divergence dates of terminal (species) and internal nodes of a phylogeny of the Caribbean Faviidae. Original chronogram and tree generated in BEAST. Grey boxes indicate species or genera as labeled. Black circles and blue bars correspond to mean node age (Ma) and 95% HPD intervals produced by BEAST analysis. Red bars indicate the stratigraphic age range of the first appearance of that taxon in the fossil record. Green bars next to the time axis are used to indicate major geological events in the isolation of the Caribbean Sea including the closure of the Central American Isthmus at 4.25-3.5 Ma and the closure of the Tethys Sea at 17–15 Ma. Nodes marked with a '?' are poorly supported in this analysis. Detailed information about dates and node calibration can be found in Tables 1 and 2. B) Phylogeny on stratigraphy of living and extinct species. Stratigraphic range bars are color-coded by genera, listed on the x axis. Green + blue shading are 95% highest posterior density (HPD) intervals for the ingroup node, and green + yellow shading are 95% HPD intervals for the root node as seen on the chronogram. Orange shading indicates the range of origination dates in the fossil record for all living taxa. Species within genera are ranked by earliest origination date, left to right. The genera Thysanus and Hadrophyllia are free living, as are all the extinct species of Manicina. See Additional file 5 for stratigraphic references. (*Favia favioides range extends to 65.5 Ma – not shown)