Plio-Pleistocene sea level and temperature fluctuations in the northwestern Pacific promoted speciation in the globally-distributed flathead mullet Mugil cephalus

Table 3 Summary of the genetic diversity of Mugil cephalus.

Species	Marker	n	Na/H	h/H_O +/- se	π +/- se	RI	Tajima's D	Fu's Fs
NWP1	CR¹	79	79	1.0000 +/- 0.0020	0.0095 +/- 0.0050	0.008	-2.793***	-24.76***
	Cytob²	35	6	0.2689 +/- 0.0982	0.0003 +/- 0.0003	0.285	-2.007**	-5.866***
	COI	250	17	0.1316 +/- 0.0295	0.0002 +/- 0.0004	0.581	-2.439***	-3.4 × 10³⁸***
	Microsatellite	390	17.2	0.6097 +/- 0.2751	-	-	-	-
NWP2	CR¹	47	47	1.0000 +/- 0.0040	0.0364 +/- 0.0180	0.003	-1.962*	-23.263***
	Cytob²	43	24	0.9513 +/- 0.0176	0.0030 +/- 0.0017	0.028	-1.68	-16.53***
	COI	138	15	0.6525 +/- 0.0264	0.0021 +/- 0.0015	0.149	-1.169	-7.212**
	Microsatellite	255	13.2	0.5745 +/- 0.2702	-	-	-	-
NWP3	CR¹	0	-	-	-	-	-	-
	Cytob²	17	11	0.9044 +/- 0.0572	0.0052 +/- 0.0030	0.08	-0.783	-1.875
	COI	60	4	0.2989 +/0.0737	0.0006 +/- 0.0006	0.245	-0.361	-1.617
	Microsatellite	68	5.8	0.3310 +/- 0.2991	-	-	-	-

Number of individuals (n), number of haplotype (H) or alleles (Na), haplotype diversity (h ± standard deviation) or observed Heterozygosity (H_O ± standard deviation), nucleotide diversity (π ± standard deviation) for each group of samples. Tajima's D and Fu's Fs, the corresponding P value, and the raggedness index (RI) of these lineages were also indicated.
¹ data from [14], ² data from [17]. *P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001