Queen pheromones in Temnothorax ants: control or honest signal?

Table 2 Male production by queens and workers in control and mixed-species colonies composed of different Temnothorax species.

Colony	No. total males produced per colony	No. males Allozyme electromorph	No. males produced by the queen	No. males produced by workers
NN11, NN13, NN14, NN15	none
CN7, CN12	none
CN8	15	15 f	-	15
CN13	3	3 m	3	-
UN7, UN11, UN12, UN14, UN15	none
RN4	3		3	-
RN5	20		11	9
RN6	20		15	5
RN8	5		5	-
CC12, CC13, CC14, CC15	none
NC11, NC12, NC13, NC14, NC15	none
UC7, UC13, UC15	none
UC6	3	1s, 2m	1	2
UC8	1	1m	-	1
RC3	6		6	-
RC4	2		2	-
RC6	1		1	-
RC8	54		1	53*
UU6	1		1	-
UU8	2		2	-
UU9	1		1	-
UU10	5		5	-
UU12	29		29	-
NU10	8	8s	-	8
NU12	74	42s, 19m, 13f	13	61
NU13	37	28s, 3m, 6f	6	31
NU14	13	6s, 7f	7	6
NU15	59	59s	-	59
CU6	8	8s	-	8
CU9	2	2s	-	2
CU12	14	6s, 8m	-	14
CU15	44	26s, 18m	18	26
RU7	31		31	-
RU8	95		27	68
RU9	105		105	-
RR1	27		27	-
RR4	10		10	-
RR5	7		7	-
RR6	8		8	-
RR8	24		24	-

*In colony RC8 the ovaries of the queen were not fully developed.
Numbers of males produced per colony by the queen or by workers are shown, respectively. Colony composition and colony names are explained in Table 1. Explanation of Allozyme electromorphs are given in the text.

ISSN: 2730-7182