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Table 1 Non-evolvable model specifications defining the scaling context

From: Patch depletion, niche structuring and the evolution of co-operative foraging

Category

Parameter/description

Value

Units

Time scale

t MIN (minimal action duration)

10

sec

 

day (daylight hours)

720*6

t MIN

 

*(year)

365

day

Spatial scale

individual movement

continuous

 
 

resources placement grid

1

m

Local information processing

t E (handling time)

1

t MIN

 

resource detectability range

2

m

 

d R (individual reach)

0.9

m

 

r D (resource detectability)

0.1

per t MIN per m2

 

z M (max neighbor awareness)

50

m

 

z L (alignment zone)

25

m

 

*(minimal action duration)

1

t MIN

 

*(maximum speed)

1

m/t MIN

Energy and life-history

E r (energy per item)

2

units

 

E m (metabolism)

1/6

units/t MIN

 

E M (maximum energy)

100000

units

 

minimal energy

0

units

 

requirement to give birth

E M

units

 

birth energy costs

E M /2

units

 

offspring energy

E M /2

units

 

death rate

0.1

per year

 

maximum age

10

years

 

mutation rate

0.05

 
 

*(t MIN_EAT (minimal eat in-terval: search and eat))

t MIN + t E

t MIN

 

*(tMAX_EAT(to compensate for metabolism))

E r /E m

t MIN

 

*(max net energy gain)

(E r /t MIN_EAT ) - E m

units/t MIN

 

*(minimal birth interval)

E M /(2((E r /t MIN_EAT ) - E m ))

t MIN

Environment

R g (resource influx rate)

1.1

items/t MIN

 

R r (resource renewal interval)

1

year

 

A (field size)

5660 × 5660

m

 

*(carrying capacity)

R g t MAX_EAT

inds

 

*(R T (total food items))

R g R r

items

 

*(average resource density)

R T /A

items per m2

  1. Specifications designated by *() derive from explicitly chosen parameter values, giving 23 direct specifications and 10 derived specifications (non-independent).