Figure 4

Chronogram and ancestral character reconstruction in Coccinia. a. Chronogram for 24 Coccinia species (C. mackenii and C. quinqueloba had identical sequences, and the former was therefore removed; Methods) obtained under a Bayesian strict clock model. Clades are labeled as in Figure 1 and 2; blue bars around mean node ages represent the 95% highest posterior density credibility interval, and are given for all nodes with ≥ 0.98 posterior probability. Pale red backgrounds indicates warm (humid) climate, pale blue backgrounds, cold (arid) climates after [15]. b. Ancestral biome reconstruction on the Bayesian tree obtained from the plastid DNA data for Coccinia; Black = forest, green = woodland and semi-humid savannas, and white = semi-arid habitats. Red arrows indicate biome shifts.