Figure 2

The evolution of the catenin family. The cladogram of each catenin subfamily is based on the individual subfamily topology with sea anemone from the Cnidaria phylum as the outgroup. The tree was condensed to the higher level (the phylum level), including the phyla of Vertebrata, Urochordata, Arthropoda, Nematoda, and Cnidaria. Non-Chordata and Non-Vertebrata were labelled additionally. The taxon names in the tree are a combination of the gene name and the phylum name. The p120 subfamily and the beta subfamily are homologous, thus were shown together in the phylogeny. Asterisks indicate duplication events. The tertiary structures were presented along the phylogeny, with PDB ID accessions 3L6X, 2Z6G, and 1L7C for the p120, beta and alpha subfamilies, respectively.