Discovery and identification of a male-killing agent in the Japanese ladybird Propylea japonica (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

Table 5 Summary of the vertical transmission efficiencies of male-killing bacteria in different coccinellid hosts.

Male-killer	Host	Vertical transmission efficiency	Reference
Rickettsia	Adalia bipunctata	0.85, Bielefeld; 0.72, Moscow; 0.87, Cambridge (mean value)	[16] [24]
Rickettsia	Adalia decempunctata	>0.9	[9]
Rickettsia	Propylea japonica	0.998	This study
Flavobacterium	Coleomegilla maculata	Variable, progressive 0.46-1.00	[35]
Flavobacterium	Adonia variegata	>0.99	[11]
Flavobacterium	Coccinula sinensis	0.991	[7, 23]
Spiroplasma	Adalia bipunctata	1.00, Bielefeld; 0.99, Moscow; 1.00, Tuva	[16]
Spiroplasma	Harmonia axyridis	>0.99, Sapporo	[17]
Wolbachia Y	Adalia bipunctata	0.99, Moscow;	[16]
Wolbachia Z	Adalia bipuncatata	0.86, Moscow, 1.00, Tomsk	[16]

ISSN: 2730-7182