Figure 1

Eocene position of India. Relative position of the Indian and Southeast Asian continental plates during the Middle Eocene (45 Ma) according to Ali and Aitchison [17], with the position of Southeast Asia based on Hall [68], and the distribution of land and sea after Smith et al. [69]. A: based on the motion path of the Indian Subcontinent of Acton [19]. B: based on the motion path of Schettino and Scotese [18].